{"id":99938,"date":"2025-11-11T11:42:44","date_gmt":"2025-11-11T10:42:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maccaferri.com\/cz\/solutions\/hraze-propustky-a-pricne-stavby\/"},"modified":"2026-02-11T15:09:44","modified_gmt":"2026-02-11T14:09:44","slug":"hraze-propustky-a-pricne-stavby","status":"publish","type":"solution","link":"https:\/\/www.maccaferri.com\/cz\/\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed\/hraze-propustky-a-pricne-stavby\/","title":{"rendered":"Hr\u00e1ze, propustky a p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 stavby"},"content":{"rendered":"
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P\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 stavby se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k regulaci vodn\u00edch tok\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed pevn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice nebo sedimenty. Tyto stavby br\u00e1n\u00ed toku, m\u011bn\u00ed jeho hydraulick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed a schopnost erodovat. M\u00e1me v\u00edce ne\u017e stolet\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s aplikac\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fdch staveb pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch k regulaci proud\u011bn\u00ed vodn\u00edch tok\u016f.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nNa\u0161i in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i spolupracuj\u00ed s klienty a p\u0159i navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed koryt, liniov\u00fdch a p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fdch staveb pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed n\u00e1vrhov\u00fd software MacRA Studio. Ten umo\u017e\u0148uje projektantovi rychle prov\u00e9st p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 hydraulick\u00e9 studie k posouzen\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 ochrany b\u0159eh\u016f nebo p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 stavby. Na\u0161e knihovna produkt\u016f umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017eit\u00ed kombinace um\u011bl\u00fdch a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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Typy hr\u00e1z\u00ed\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nHr\u00e1ze se podle tvaru spodn\u00ed hrany uprost\u0159ed toku rozd\u011bluj\u00ed na t\u0159i typy: svisl\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze, stup\u0148ovit\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze a \u0161ikm\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze.Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem je ur\u010dit hydraulick\u00fd profil, ve kter\u00e9m jsou p\u0159enos zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na dn\u011b a zan\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed v rovnov\u00e1ze. Pou\u017eit\u00edm hr\u00e1z\u00ed se zmen\u0161uje pod\u00e9ln\u00fd sklon koryta, a t\u00edm i p\u0159enos. Gabionov\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze s povrchovou \u00fapravou PoliMac jsou robustn\u00ed, poddajn\u00e9, snadno se instaluj\u00ed a p\u0159i v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch stavb\u00e1ch se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako prim\u00e1rn\u00ed i protipovod\u0148ov\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze. Reno Matrace Plus se v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k lemov\u00e1n\u00ed kontroln\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed nebo n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed na rozptyl energie.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
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\u0158\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed \u017eebra a vlnolamy\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\u0158eky jsou v mnoha zem\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed infrastruktury, a proto mus\u00ed b\u00fdt splavn\u00e9. K udr\u017een\u00ed konstantn\u00ed hladiny pro splav \u0159eky se mohou budovat pod\u00e9ln\u00e1 \u017eebra. \u017debra odv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed vodn\u00ed tok sm\u011brem do st\u0159edu koryta a vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed vym\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed vody, aby udr\u017eeli splavn\u00e9 koryto otev\u0159en\u00e9. Gabionov\u00e1 pod\u00e9ln\u00e1 \u017eebra se obvykle aplikuj\u00ed ve form\u011b v\u00e1lcov\u00fdch gabion\u016f nebo pytlovit\u00fdch gabion\u016f. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e1 \u017eebra jsou konstrukce, kter\u00e9 vy\u010dn\u00edvaj\u00ed do \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edho koryta nebo \u00fast\u00ed \u0159eky, aby naru\u0161ily proud\u011bn\u00ed a odklonily ho od strany \u0159eky, na kter\u00e9 jsou \u017eebra postavena. Gabionov\u00e1 \u017eebra p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed hlavn\u00edch erozn\u00edch jev\u016f pod\u00e9l vodn\u00edch tok\u016f, kter\u00e9 se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed vysok\u00fdm dopravn\u00edm zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm. Gabionov\u00e1 \u017eebra vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed oblasti \u201ehydraulick\u00e9ho klidu\u201c, kde se transportn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e koryta m\u011bn\u00ed na usazov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se obnovuj\u00ed erodovan\u00e9 oblasti koryta a b\u0159eh\u016f. Na v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u0159ek\u00e1ch se mohou vyskytovat tak\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed vlnolamy, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k odklon\u011bn\u00ed sil \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed vody na b\u0159ehy. U \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch vlnolam\u016f se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 technologie a n\u00e1vrhov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy jako u na\u0161ich pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edch vlnolam\u016f. Pat\u0159\u00ed k nim nejen v\u00fdb\u011br samotn\u00e9 konstrukce vlnolamu, ale tak\u00e9 ochrann\u00fdch matrac\u00ed pro konstrukci, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdznam pro zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed vym\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nMostn\u00ed pil\u00ed\u0159e – \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed protierozn\u00ed ochrany\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nP\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 stavby se mohou t\u00fdkat tak\u00e9 most\u016f, jejich\u017e pil\u00ed\u0159e \u010dasto naru\u0161uj\u00ed hydraulick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed vodn\u00edho toku. Vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed v\u00edr\u016f v okol\u00ed pil\u00ed\u0159\u016f m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it erozi zp\u016fsobenou vym\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00edm v okol\u00ed mostu. V\u00fdb\u011brem z na\u0161\u00ed nab\u00eddky syst\u00e9m\u016f protierozn\u00ed ochrany m\u016f\u017eeme klient\u016fm nab\u00eddnout vhodn\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9 ochrany. Krom\u011b toho m\u016f\u017eeme poskytnout podporu p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technologie v\u00fdstavby, kter\u00fd minimalizuje naru\u0161en\u00ed vodn\u00ed dopravy a \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nPropustky a pr\u016fchody p\u0159es \u0159eku – kontrola zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na erozi\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nP\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky p\u0159es vodn\u00ed tok mohou zp\u016fsobovat probl\u00e9my se soust\u0159ed\u011bnou eroz\u00ed v d\u016fsledku zm\u011bn hydraulick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed nov\u00e9 cesty p\u0159es \u0159eku m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010dasto propustek, kter\u00fd nasm\u011bruje p\u0159irozen\u00fd tok \u0159eky do um\u011bl\u00e9ho potrub\u00ed nebo r\u00e1mov\u00e9 konstrukce. Tyto m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se hydraulick\u00e9 profily soust\u0159e\u010fuj\u00ed erozn\u00ed s\u00edly na koryto \u0159eky a mus\u00ed b\u00fdt kontrolov\u00e1ny.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nP\u0159ehrady\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nP\u0159ehrady jsou specifick\u00fdm typem p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00e9 stavby a jsou ur\u010deny k zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vody. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je kontrola zadr\u017eovan\u00e9 vody a charakter p\u0159ehrady. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b na\u0161ich znalost\u00ed v oblasti hydrotechniky klient\u016fm um\u00edme poskytnout vhodn\u00fd typ konstrukce koryta a protierozn\u00ed ochrany, kter\u00e9 jsou ur\u010deny k regulaci vody v okol\u00ed p\u0159ehrady. Tam, kde jsou p\u0159ehrady vystaveny erozi, a\u0165 u\u017e na v\u00fdpust\u00edch, korun\u011b nebo \u010deln\u00ed stran\u011b, um\u00edme tak\u00e9 navrhnout \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Klient\u016fm um\u00edme pomoci vypo\u0159\u00e1dat se s t\u011bmito riziky a ur\u010dit, zda \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed vy\u017eaduje jednoduchou protierozn\u00ed ochranu nebo n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hydrotechnickou konstrukci.
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